Capitulo 13

Hi, everybody! I am Georgiana, your English teacher and founder of SpeakEnglishPodcast.com. My mission is to help you speak English fluently. Today I'll talk about how we use conditionals in English. After that, we'll practice them with a Point Of View Story. Ok, let's get started! I'm going to review the different conditionals in English. I don't recommend you to memorize them, but to understand them. You need plenty of contexts, and the best way to practice the conditionals is by using the Point of View story technique. Conditionals in English aren't complicated. I'm going to give you some examples: Zero conditional Here, we talk about things which are always true. For example: If you heat water, it boils. If you heat ice, it melts. If it rains, the grass gets wet. First Conditional We use the first conditional when we talk about a probable result. For example: If you study more, you'll pass the exam. If I have time, I'll help you. Second Conditional We use the second conditional in case we want to express less probability. I know you're busy, but if you went to the cinema, you'd enjoy the new Star Trek movie. If you studied more, you'd pass the exam.As you can see, this is more hypothetical. "If you went to the cinema", means you won't probably go, but if you went, then you'd like the movie. In the second example happens the same: If you studied more…it seems that you aren't currently studying enough. Third Conditional This third conditional is in the past. We talk about an alternative result about something that happened in the past. For example: If you had studied more, you would've passed the exam. If I had had more time, I would've helped you. If I had visited you, I could've helped you. In the third conditional, everything happens in the past, and we just express a different result if things weren't different in the past. Let's quickly review the first, second, and third conditional with a common example: If I have enough money, I'll buy a ticket to travel to New York. If I had enough money, I would buy a ticket to travel to New York. If I had had enough money, I would've bought a ticket to travel to New York. Can you see how the tenses change? POV-Story ! (Improve your grammar) Ok, let's move on to the next section. Let's practice the conditionals with the Point of View Technique. The main benefit of this technique is that it'll help you to learn grammar intuitively, without boring exercises or memorizing rules.

Capitulo 14

Speak English Now – Mini-Stories with Georgiana#014 Why is it so difficult to Speak English - Passive Vocabulary 00:00:00 Subscribe to This ShowDownload This EpisodeEmbed This PlayerShare This Episode Hi, everybody! I am Georgiana, your English teacher and founder of SpeakEnglishPodcast.com. My mission is to help you speak English fluently. Today, I’ll talk about the passive vocabulary, and I'll focus on the difference between active and passive vocabulary. Later, we'll simulate a conversation with the Question & Answer technique (mini-story.) OK, Let's start! Like I've just mentioned earlier, in this episode, I'd like to focus on the passive vocabulary. There are two kinds of vocabularies that we all acquire in time, no matter whether it's your native language or a foreign language. The first and more obvious one is the active vocabulary. These are the words we use when we speak or write. On the other hand, there's passive vocabulary. And these are all the words we understand when we read or listen. Let me make myself clear: You fully understand the meaning of these words; you don't just guess their meaning when you read or listen. However, you can't use them in a conversation. It's complicated to use passive vocabulary when you speak because understanding the words isn't enough. You'll need to listen and read these words several times before they become part of your active vocabulary. At this point, you may think that using passive vocabulary is only difficult when you're trying to speak in English, but unfortunately, you'll find the same difficulty when using your mother tongue. Let me give you an example: Let's say that you're reading an article about the economic situation of a country. You fully understand the whole article, but if you had to speak about this topic, I'm convinced that you'd use words that you're more familiar with. If you had to talk about the economic situation of a country, you'd use the active vocabulary and not the passive one. When it comes to English, it's the same. You can only use about 20% of all the vocabulary you've learned. So, if you know 1000 words, you'll probably use only 200 words. The best way to activate your passive vocabulary is by repetition. If you listen to the same audios many times, you'll be able to transform passive vocabulary into the active vocabulary. We tend to use the words we listen to more. For example, the verbs to be, to go or objects like car, paper, etc. These words are so common that they have become part of your active vocabulary from the very beginning. The natural process when learning English is to activate words gradually, but at the same time, you expand your passive vocabulary. So, there'll always be words that you understand, but you won't use them when you speak. It's natural, don't worry about it. Therefore, you need to be patient. Understanding the words is always the first step. The second step will be repeating these words in many different occasions until you're capable of using them in a conversation. My suggestion is: Enjoy the process of learning English. In time you'll start using a more enhanced vocabulary. There's no doubt about it. MINI-STORY (Practice your speaking) Ok, Let's continue with a mini-story. Here, I'll use the Question & Answer technique. This is the perfect lesson for automating your spoken English. This is how it works: ¥I'll give you some information. (A phrase or two). ¥I'll ask simple questions. ¥After each question, there will be some seconds of silence: it's your turn to answer the question! Try to give an easy and short answer. ¥After you answer, I'll give you a correct answer. This process will continue, and just like that, I'll be telling a story using questions and answers. Today, we'll use the first and the second person with the questions. Let's get started! Last summer, I could've used about 500 words and understood 2000. Could I have used 500 words last summer? Yes, you could've used 500 words last summer. Could I have understood 2000? Yes, you could've understood 2000. How many words could I have used? 500 words. You could've used 500. Could I have used 2000 words in a conversation? No, you couldn't have. You just could've used 500 words. When was that? Last summer? Last summer. It was last summer. You could've used 500 words and understood 2000. I wanted to increase my active vocabulary. Did I want to increase my money? No, no. You didn't want that. This is not what you said. You wanted to increase your active vocabulary. Did I want to decrease my passive vocabulary? No, you didn't. You didn't want that. You wanted to increase your active vocabulary. What did I want to increase? Your active vocabulary. Did I want to extend my active vocabulary? Yes. You wanted to extend or increase your active vocabulary. For five months, I listened to a podcast in English for an hour a day. Did I watch TV? No. No. You didn't watch TV. You listened to a podcast. Did I listen to a radio show? No, neither. You didn't watch TV nor listen to a radio show. What did I listen to? A podcast. You listened to a podcast for one hour a day. Did I listen to a podcast for 2 hours a day? No, no. You didn't listen to a podcast for two hours a day, but one. How many hours did I listen a day? One. One hour a day. You listened for one hour a day. What did I listen to? An English podcast. You listened to an English podcast. Listening to that podcast has helped me add more words to my vocabulary. Has the podcast helped me? Yes. It has helped you. The podcast has helped you. Has the podcast helped me add more words to my vocabulary?